RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To synthesize the evidence available in the literature on the relationship between the components of physical activity, physical fitness and academic achievement in adolescents. Methods: The review followed the methodological procedures described by PRISMA and was carried out in the Lilacs, Medline, SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science and Science Direct databases. Quantitative empirical studies published as of 2006 were included. The following descriptors and keywords were used: "Motor activity", "Physical fitness", "Physical activity", "Educational status", "Academic achievement", "Academic performance", and their equivalents in Portuguese and Spanish. Results: The most widely investigated variable was physical fitness (45.5%) followed by physical activity (40.9%), whereas only three studies (13.6%) investigated both. Conclusion: Physical activity and physical fitness are positively associated with the academic achievement of adolescents. In more than 80% of studies the association was considered strong. The physical fitness component most frequently associated with academic achievement was cardiorespiratory fitness. Level of evidence II; Systematic review.
RESUMO Objetivo: Sintetizar as evidências disponíveis na literatura acerca da relação entre os componentes da atividade física, da aptidão física e o desempenho acadêmico em adolescentes. Métodos: A revisão seguiu os procedimentos metodológicos descritos pelo PRISMA e foi realizada nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline, SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science e Science Direct. Foram incluídos estudos empíricos, de natureza quantitativa, publicados a partir do ano de 2006. Os descritores e palavras chave utilizados foram: "Motor activity", "Physical fitness", "Physical activity", "Educational status", "Academic achievement", "Academic performance" e seus equivalentes em português e espanhol. Resultados: A aptidão física foi a variável mais investigada (45,5%), seguida da atividade físic (40,9%), sendo que três estudos (13,6%) investigaram ambas. Conclusão: Atividade física e aptidão física estão positivamente associadas ao desempenho acadêmico de adolescentes. Em mais de 80% dos estudos a associação foi considerada forte. O componente da aptidão física mais frequentemente associado ao desempenho acadêmico foi a aptidão cardiorrespiratória. Nível de evidência II; Revisão sistemática.
RESUMEN Objetivo: sintetizar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura sobre la relación entre los componentes de la actividad física, de la aptitud física y el desempeño académico en adolescentes. Métodos: La revisión siguió los procedimientos metodológicos descritos por PRISMA y se realizó en las bases de datos Lilacs, Medline, SciELO, PubMed, Web of Science y Science Direct. Se incluyeron estudios empíricos, de naturaleza cuantitativa, publicados a partir de 2006. Las palabras clave y los descriptores utilizados fueron: "Motor activity", "Physical fitness", "Physical activity", "Educational status", "Academic achievement", "Academic performance", y sus equivalentes en portugués y español. Resultados: La aptitud física fue la variable más investigada (45,5%), seguida de la actividad física (40,9%), siendo que tres estudios (13,6%) investigaron ambas. Conclusión: La actividad física y la aptitud física están positivamente asociados al desempeño académico de los adolescentes. En más de 80% de los estudios la asociación se consideró fuerte. El componente de la aptitud física más frecuentemente asociado al desempeño académico fue la aptitud cardiorrespiratoria. Nivel de evidencia II; Revisión sistemática.
RESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the use of exergames, associated factors and to quantify the time attributed to the use of exergames within the time spent on video games in a sample of adolescents from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated frequency and weekly volume of physical activities using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Weekly frequency and daily time of use of exergames and videogames were self-reported. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to compare the time spent playing exergames, and Poisson regression was used to test the associations (p<0.05). Results: 495 adolescents were interviewed (51.3% girls), predominantly aged between 12 and 13 years (41.3%), under/normal weight (60.4%), medium socioeconomic status (39.8 %) and from public schools (69.3%). Most of the participants did not have video games in their bedroom (74.3%) and did not reach recommended levels of physical activity (55.5%). One in five adolescents used exergames (16.4%). Age (RP: 0.54; 95%CI 0.30-0.97, p=0.039) and having a console in the bedroom (RP: 1.89; 95%CI 1.27- 2.81, p=0.002) were associated with exergame use. Male sex (X_: 195.0; AIQ: 486.3; p=0.024) practice of leisure time physical activity (X_: 160.0; AIQ: 350.0; p=0.048) were associated with weekly volume of exergame use. Conclusions: Overall, less than two out of ten adolescents used exergames, and the use was higher among young adolescents and those who had a console in their bedrooms. Volume of use was higher among boys and those performing more than five hours of leisure time physical activity per week. In addition, a considerable part of the time devoted to the use of video games, was in fact, destined to the use of exergames.
RESUMO Objetivo: Descrever o uso de exergames, os fatores associados e quantificar o tempo atribuído ao uso de exergames dentro do tempo total de uso de videogames em uma amostra de adolescentes de Curitiba, Paraná. Métodos: Estudo com delineamento transversal no qual a frequência e o volume semanal de atividades físicas foram avaliados com o Questionário de Atividade Física para Adolescentes. A frequência semanal e o tempo diário de uso de exergames e de videogames foram autorreportados. Os testes U de Mann-Whitney e Kruskal-Wallis compararam o tempo de uso dos exergames; e a regressão de Poisson, as associações (p<0,05). Resultados: Foram entrevistados 495 adolescentes (51,3% meninas), predominantemente com idade entre 12 e 13 anos (41,3%), baixo peso/normal (60,4%), nível socioeconômico médio (39,8%) e de escolas públicas (69,3%). A maioria não possuía videogame no quarto (74,3%) e não cumpria a recomendação de atividade física (55,5%). Um em cada cinco adolescentes usava exergames (16,4%). A idade (razão de prevalência [RP] 0,54; intervalo de confiança de 95% [IC95%] 0,30-0,97; p=0,039) e a posse de videogames no quarto (RP 1,89; IC95% 1,27-2,81; p=0,002) foram associadas com o uso. Ainda, o sexo masculino (X_: 195,0; AIQ: 486,3; p=0,024) e a prática de atividade física no lazer (X_: 160,0; AIQ: 350,0; p=0,048) apresentaram associação com o volume semanal. Conclusões: Ao todo, menos de dois em cada dez adolescentes utilizam exergames, sendo a frequência maior entre os mais novos e que possuem consoles de jogos nos quartos. O volume de uso é maior entre os meninos e entre adolescentes que praticam mais do que cinco horas de atividades físicas de lazer na semana. Além disso, parte considerável do tempo destinado ao uso de videogames foi, na realidade, destinada ao uso de exergames.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Niño , Adolescente , Ejercicio Físico , Conducta del Adolescente , Juegos de Video , Conducta Sedentaria , Factores de Tiempo , Brasil , Conductas Relacionadas con la Salud , Estudios Transversales , Salud del Adolescente , AutoinformeRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of exergames, associated factors and to quantify the time attributed to the use of exergames within the time spent on video games in a sample of adolescents from Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that evaluated frequency and weekly volume of physical activities using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents. Weekly frequency and daily time of use of exergames and videogames were self-reported. Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests were used to compare the time spent playing exergames, and Poisson regression was used to test the associations (p<0.05). RESULTS: 495 adolescents were interviewed (51.3% girls), predominantly aged between 12 and 13 years (41.3%), under/normal weight (60.4%), medium socioeconomic status (39.8 %) and from public schools (69.3%). Most of the participants did not have video games in their bedroom (74.3%) and did not reach recommended levels of physical activity (55.5%). One in five adolescents used exergames (16.4%). Age (RP: 0.54; 95%CI 0.30-0.97, p=0.039) and having a console in the bedroom (RP: 1.89; 95%CI 1.27- 2.81, p=0.002) were associated with exergame use. Male sex (X_: 195.0; AIQ: 486.3; p=0.024) practice of leisure time physical activity (X_: 160.0; AIQ: 350.0; p=0.048) were associated with weekly volume of exergame use. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, less than two out of ten adolescents used exergames, and the use was higher among young adolescents and those who had a console in their bedrooms. Volume of use was higher among boys and those performing more than five hours of leisure time physical activity per week. In addition, a considerable part of the time devoted to the use of video games, was in fact, destined to the use of exergames.
